THE PILGRIM SHEPHERDS AND THE FLOCK OF GOD. 1st Peter 5 The theme of submission runs throughout this epistle, showing how believers can live through difficult times and still have a significant impact on the spiritual lives of others and on themselves. In an assembly of called-out Christians, order and effectiveness are maintained by those the Holy Spirit raises up to lead God's people. In this passage of scripture, Peter confirms that "elders" (those mature in the faith), "shepherds" (pastors, those who teach the word of God), and "bishops" (those who oversee the administration of an assembly) are the same persons. They have been called to various parts of the work. Counsel to the shepherds is the first part of this chapter, and counsel to those under their charge (the flock) follows.
Giving honor and heed to those who are older is a common attitude throughout the world. Wisdom often comes through years of experience. An older person carries a great responsibility toward those who are younger in the faith. An elder should pass on spiritual wisdom and understanding not only by words but also by example. The plurality of elders provides both variety in gifts and safety in governing the saints. With more than one elder, there is safety from false teaching; there is the value of godly discernment, and a balanced ministry can be maintained. No one person is given special authority or personal glory. With a number of equally responsible men in leadership, the testimony can be preserved from splintering or disintegrating in times of persecution. As elders, they guide God's people. As shepherds, they give authority to the words they teach and practice. As overseers, they guard the flock and protect it from false teachers and satanic attacks.